On a recent episode of Disability Matters, host John Comiskey sat down with Ken Kilbride, CEO of ADHD Ireland, to shed light on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The discussion explored what ADHD really is, how it impacts children and adults, and the vital role ADHD Ireland plays in supporting individuals and families.
What is ADHD?
ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a neurodevelopmental condition—something people are born with, not something acquired later in life. It is primarily genetic and tends to run in families.
According to recent figures from the CSO, around 2% of Ireland’s population has a diagnosis of ADHD, while as many as 9% of adults suspect they may have it. Internationally, prevalence is thought to be closer to 5%, meaning many in Ireland may be undiagnosed.
Ken explained that ADHD is often misunderstood:
- Attention difficulties – not a total lack of attention, but challenges in sustaining it, particularly with tasks seen as unimportant.
- Impulsivity – difficulties with the brain’s internal “brakes,” meaning decisions and actions often happen instantly, without pause.
- Hyperactivity – a sense of being constantly “on the go,” like being driven by a motor.
ADHD can present in different ways—some experience primarily attention difficulties, others impulsivity and hyperactivity, while many have the combined type.
Misconceptions and Hidden Challenges
For generations, children with ADHD were often dismissed as “naughty” or “bold.” Today, we know better. ADHD has always been part of humanity—it even offered evolutionary advantages, such as the ability to rapidly scan environments for danger.
Yet in modern classrooms, the condition can lead to stigma. Boys are more often diagnosed in childhood, as their hyperactivity is visible, while girls, who may present with quieter inattention, are frequently overlooked until adolescence, when challenges can manifest as anxiety or depression.
ADHD also rarely travels alone. Around 70–80% of people with ADHD have at least one other condition, such as autism, dyslexia, or dyspraxia.
From Childhood to Adulthood
ADHD does not disappear with age. Around 5% of children in Ireland are thought to have ADHD, and about 3% of adults continue to meet clinical criteria. That translates to as many as 170,000 adults in Ireland today living with ADHD.
Many others may retain ADHD traits but learn strategies to manage them, meaning they no longer meet full diagnostic thresholds. However, untreated ADHD in adulthood can still impact daily life—from relationships and work to mental health.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Unlike physical illnesses, ADHD cannot be detected through scans or blood tests. Diagnosis is based on clinical observation, usually across at least two environments—home, school, or work. For children, assessments often involve parents, teachers, and clinicians.
Treatment follows NICE guidelines, with non-medical supports—such as behavioural strategies, occupational therapy, and psychosocial support—recommended as the first line. Medication may also play a role, but always in combination with non-medical supports.
ADHD Ireland: A Lifeline of Support
Founded in the 1980s by parents seeking support for their children, ADHD Ireland has grown into the national support and advocacy organisation for ADHD. Officially incorporated in 2019, it is now primarily funded by the HSE under Section 39.
The charity provides a wide range of services, including:
- Support Groups – for parents, adults, and partners of those with ADHD.
- Training Programmes – parental courses and self-management programmes for adults.
- Awareness & Education – talks, webinars, conferences, and school support.
- Digital Tools – an ADHD app with over 40,000 downloads.
One of their most successful initiatives is UMAP (Understanding and Managing Adult ADHD Programme), developed in partnership with UCD’s School of Psychology and the HSE. Participants consistently report transformative benefits in daily life.
ADHD Awareness Month
Each October, ADHD Ireland leads a series of awareness events, webinars, and conferences as part of ADHD Awareness Month. This includes dedicated sessions for parents, teachers, and adults, covering everything from navigating school supports to understanding ADHD’s link with eating disorders.
Ken emphasised that ADHD Ireland’s role is not only about support, but also about shifting perceptions.
“ADHD fuels creativity, entrepreneurship, and innovation. For many, it’s not just a challenge—it’s also a strength.”
A Message for Families
ADHD often affects multiple generations within a family. ADHD Ireland therefore works not only with individuals but also with parents, partners, and relatives, offering tools and strategies to support the whole family unit.
Ken’s advice is clear:
- Seek out accurate information and support—don’t rely on myths or misconceptions.
- Connect with others who understand—peer support is invaluable.
- Remember that ADHD is part of humanity—it comes with challenges, but also with strengths.
Final Thoughts
ADHD Ireland is working tirelessly to ensure that no child, adult, or family faces ADHD alone. Through education, advocacy, and community, they are not only raising awareness but also empowering people to see ADHD as a part of human diversity. To learn more, access resources, or join a support network, visit www.adhdireland.ie.